6temperance

=Period 6=

The Problem(s)
During the 1800s, drinking was a huge problem. Because alcohol was **cheap to make and buy**, many people drank. Even children drank sometimes! However, **alcohol caused violence in homes**. Fathers would buy whiskey or rum instead of food, and many beat their children and wives. Many **people lost jobs due to alcohol**. Also, drinking was thought to be the cause of many **sicknesses for the heart, lungs, and brain**. "**Hardacres Temperance Map Illustrating the Effect of Alcoholic Drinks and Narcotics on the Human System**," was a poster that showed the cause of alcohol on the body over time. **Saloons** were opened up by **brewing companies (which were some of the most successful com)panies)**, where people were actually //encouraged// to drink. Many people thought that saloons were immoral places. Gambling was also found at these places. Prohibiton groups wanted to ban saloons and alcohol in the USA for good.

The Solution(s)

 * Closing down saloons.
 * Outlawing the production, selling and consumption of alcohol.
 * Supporting social programs like the **Social Gospel Movement and the Settlement House Movement**.
 * Prohibition leaders wanted better education after alcohol banned. This didn't work to well, though.
 * Wanted to get the **government to** **stop illegal alcohol suppliers**. Government didn't help much, though.
 * The amount of beer consumed went down rapidly because of prohibition. Eventually amount went back up, but this took a while, so prohibition worked. Here is graph showing the amount of alcohol in the USA: [|Apparent Consumption 1850-1983]
 * The **18th amendment** banned alcohol.
 * **The Woman's Christian Temperance Union fought against alcohol**.
 * One main supporter of prohibition was [|Carry Nation]. She would actually come in with a hatchet and destroy saloons!

===The Images===


 * Right: Hardacres Temperance Map illustrating the Effect of Alcoholic Drinks and Narcotics on the Human System

Left: a picture of a saloon with seven men drinking**

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 * Above: A picture of Carry Nation. She would use her hatchet and destroy saloons. She would go in and start breaking things.**

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The Primary Sources
What is the object of this resolution? It is to destroy the agency that debauches the youth of the land and thereby perpetuates its hold upon the Nation. How does the resolution propose to destroy this agent? In the simplest manner.... It does not coerce any drinker. It simply says that barter and sale, matters that have been a public function from the semicivilized days of society, shall not continue the debauching of the youth. Now, the Liquor Trust are wise enough to know that they can not perpetuate their sway by depending on debauching grown people, so they go to an organic method of teaching the young to drink. Now we apply exactly the same method to destroy them. We do not try to force old drinkers to stop drinking, but we do effectively put an end to the systematic, organized debauching of our youth through thousands and tens of thousands of agencies throughout the land. Men here may try to escape the simplicity of this problem. They can not. Some are trying to defend alcohol by saying that its abuse only is bad and that its temperate use is all right. Science absolutely denies it, and proclaims that drunkenness does not produce one-tenth part of the harm to society that the widespread, temperate, moderate drinking does. Some say it is adulteration that harms. Some are trying to say that it is only distilled liquors that do harm. Science comes in now and says that all alcohol does harm; that the malt and fermented liquors produce vastly more harm than distilled liquors, and that it is the general public use of such drinks that has entailed the gradual decline and degeneracy of the nations of the past. -Richard P. Hobson fighting for prohibition. The rest is here: [|Richmond P. Hobson argues for prohibition]

__**Here is a source from a person who is fighting //against// prohibition.**__

I have met many active prohibitionists, both in this and in other countries, all of them thoroughly in earnest. In some instances I have found that their allegiance to the cause of prohibition took its origin in the fact that some near relative or friend had succumbed to over-indulgence in liquor. In one or two cases the man himself had been a victim of this weakness, and had come to the conclusion, firstly that every one else was constituted as he was, and, therefore, liable to the same danger; and secondly, that unless every one were prevented from drinking, he would not be secure from the temptation to do so himself. -Percy Andreae arguing against prohibition in [|"A Glimpse behind the Mask of Prohibition"]

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 * The Citations**

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 * Andreae, Percy. ""A Glimpse behind the Mask of Prohibition" ." __Temperence & Prohibition__. 1915. Department of History. 21 Feb 2007 http://prohibition.osu.edu/content/andreae.cfm.

Bienen, Leigh. "Saloon Interior ." __Timeline of the City's History : 1905__. 2004. Homicide in Chicago 1870-1930. 21 Feb 2007 <[|http://homicide.northwestern.edu/context/timeline/1905/29/>.]**


 * "Hardacres Temperance Map Illustrating the Effect of Alcoholic Drinks and Narcotics on the Human System ." __Late 19th Century to Prohibition__. December 11, 2005 . James Brown House. 21 Feb 2007 <[|http://www.jamesbrownhouse.com/history-19thtoprohib.htm>.]**


 * Hobson, Richmond P.. "Richmond P. Hobson argues for prohibition." __Temperance & Prohibition__. December 22, 1914. Department of History. 21 Feb 2007 <[|http://prohibition.osu.edu/content/hobson.cfm>.]**


 * "Why Prohibition?." __Temperance & Prohibition__. 2007. Department of History. 21 Feb 2007 <**[|**http://prohibition.osu.edu/content/why_prohibition.cfm>.**]


 * "Photograph: Nation, Carry." __Encyclopedia Britannica Concise__. 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica. 22 Feb 2007 .**